Shock-absorber.



M. G. REED.

SHOCK ABSORBER.

APPLICATION FILED nuazs. 1915.

1,201,761 Patented Oct. 17, 1916.'

IN YE IV TOR WITNESSES a6 Mari? 6 Reed A ITORNEYS PATENT OFFICE.

MARLIN GRAVES REED, OF BROOKVILLE. PENNSYLVANIA.

SHOCK-ABSORBER.

Application filed August 26, 1915.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I. Mamas (i. Rnno, a citizen of the United States. and a resident of Brookville, in the county of Jefferson and Stateof Pennsylvania. have ini'enled a new and Improved ShoclcAbsorber, of which the following is a full. clear, and exact description.

My invention has for its object to provide a shock absorber of the hydraulic type in which a piston works in a cylinder. the ends of which are connccled by two by passes, there being a valve in each by-pass one of which is normally closed and is opened by an upward llow of the fluid caused by a downward movement of the pis ion, the other valve being normally open to be closed by the upward movement of the fluid in the by-pass when the velocity of the fluid in the by-pass reaches a pro-determined rate. \Vith this construction the fluid will flow upv and in the two by-passes except when the piston moves down very quick y when the second hy-pass will be closed by its valve and the fluid will only flow. upward in the first mentioned by-pass. The shock absorber is in this way stiffened when the shock is severe while retaining all the de sired freedom of movement under normal conditions. Additional objects of the invention will appear in the following specification in which the preferred form of my invention is disclosed.

In the drawings similar reference charae ters refer to similar parts in all the views, in Which Figure 1 is a view showing a portion of a vehicleto which is secured my shock absorber; Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of my shock absorber; andFig. 3 is a sectional view on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

By referring to the drawings it .will be seen that my shock absorber is constructed with a. cylinder 5 having a central opening 8 and two passages 6 an said central opening 8. The bottom of the cylinder 5 is provided with a head 9 which is provided with a depending eye 10, the ppper end of the cylinder having an inner head 11 in which meshes a thread 12 on a cylins der head 13. This cylinder head 13 has an opening 14, through which a piston rod 15 is disposed, the piston rod 1i) being secured to a piston 16 disposed in the cylinder 5. The upper end 17 of the passage 7 is open Specification of Letters Patent.

7 spaced from the.

Patented Oct. '17, 1916.

Serial No. 47,458.

and is provided with an inner thread. the lower end 18 of the passage (5 being also open and being also provided with an inner thread. The lower end of the passage 43 is connected with the central opening H of the cylinder 5 by an opening 19. and the upper end of the passage 6 is connected with the said central'opening 8 by an opening: 20. The lower end oflhe passage T is connected with the said central opening H by a passage 21, and the upper end of the passage T is connected with the central opening by an opening 2'2.

Disposed in the passage T below the openin 2:2. thcrc is a valve scat J2, and disposed in the passage (3 above the opening- Il there is a valve seat .34. there bcinp a ball valve if for cm'ipcratinp with the val\e scat 2 and a ball valve 26 for cooperating wiih the valve seat As a means of limiting the upward movement of the ball valve '25, a cap 27 having an outer thread, is screwed in the threaded opening 17. the cap 27 being provided with a slot 29 by which it may be readily turned to'any desired position with reference to the valve seat A spring 29 is disposed against the cap 27 and a plug 30 is screwcdin the threaded opening li'fthe plug 30 holding the spring 29 in position so that it will press against the cap 27 and prevent the cap 27 from turning. in a similar manner a cap 27 is secured in the opening 18 in the passage 6, a spring 2!! and a block 30 serving purposes similar to the purposes served by the spring Q1 and the plug 30.

Theupper end of the piston rod 15 has an outerthread 31 with which meshes an inner thread 32 with which the eye 33 is provided. As will be seen by referring to Fig. 1 of the drawing, the eyes 10 and 33 are used to secure the shock absorber with a spring and with portions of a vehicle to absorb shocks in a manner readily understood. When the shock is not severe, the piston 16 is moved downwardly and the fluid contained in the central opening 8 will flow through thc openings 19 and 21 to the passages 6 and 7 and up these passages and through the openings 20 and 22 to the central opening 8 above the piston 16. However, when the shock is severe. and the piston 16 moves downward quickly, the flow of the fluid through the openingltl will serve to move the ball valve 26 upwardly and against its seat 24 to prevent the flow of fluid no in the passage (5, and the fluid will, therefore, only How upward in the passage 7. ln thls way the shock absorber is greatly sti'li'ened.

when an unusual shock occurs. bar 34 is disposed in the opening, 22 and a bar 35 is disposed in the ojwn'ing 19 to prevent the ball valves 2.) and 215 from ente-ringthc central cylinder opeiiing 8.

In Fig. l the cylinder 5 clamped at its eye 10 by a clamp 36' to ,the vehicle axle 37, .the piston rod at its eye 33 being articulated to the eye 38* on the arm 38 secured to the frame 39. The axle 37 and the frame 35) are connected by the usual spring 40.

Having thus described my invention I claiin as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a shock absorber, a cylinder having its ends connected by two by-passes, a valve in one of the bypasses normally closed and adapted to be opened by the {low of the fluid in the lrv-pass in that direction, a valve. seat in the other by-pass normally open, and a valve free to be moved by the llow of the [laid in the last bypass against the valve eat when the velocity of the fluid exceeds a predetermined rate. and a piston in the cylinder. V

'2. ln'a shock absorber, a cylinder having a head with an opening and two ivy-passes, connecting itsends, a piston in the cylinder, a piston rod secured to the piston and ex tending through the opening in he cylinder head. a valve seat in earl i; p two ball alves forco pr-zrling with the .alve seats, one disposed between a valve st at and one end of the cylinder, and the other disposed between the other valve seat and the other end of the cvlinder. and means to limit the movement ot the hall valves away iroam their valveseats. i i

3. In a shock absorber, a vertically dis posed cylinder. having a head with an opening and two Irv-passes connectin g, the ends,

of thc cylinder, a piston in the cylinder, a pi a n 'od secured to the piston and extending: 1 n'ougl'i the opening in thercylinder, a val"e seat inreach by-pass, two ball valves, (Tllk lfl each of the hy-passes for cooperating with the valve seats, one disposed aboveiand the othc below its valve seat, and means to limit the r-iovement of the ball valves away frirn their valve seats l. In a shock absorber, a vertically disposed cylinder having a central opemng pnd two heads mone of wvlncli there IS an opening, there being two vertical by-passes in the cylinder at the sides of the central opening, with openings connecting the top and bot tom of each by -pass with the central opening in the cylinder, a piston in the central opening, a piston rod secured to the piston and engaging the s irings.

caps for holding the ca s in adjusted central opening, and means to limit the movement of the ball valves away from their seats in the passages.

y 5. In a shock absorber, a cylinder having a central opening with two heads, and with an opening in one of the heads, a piston disposed in the cylinder, a piston rod secured to the piston and disposedthrongh the opening in the cylinder head, there being two by-passes in the cylinder at the sides of the central opening with openingsconnecting the ends .of the by-passes with the central opening, one of the by-passes extending through one end of the cylinder, and the other by-pass extending, through the other end of the cylinder, a valve seat in each passage between the opening to the central cylinder opening adjacent the open end of the bypass and-the other end of the cylinder, two ball valves for cooperating withv the valve seats, one disposed between each valve seat and the open end of the by-pass in which the valve seat is disposed, caps adjustably secured in the by-pass for limiting the movement of'the ball valves away from the valve seats, springs resting on the caps for holding the caps in adjusted position, and plugs secured in the open ends of the by-passes for a. In a shockahsorber, a cylinder haviiig a central opening with two heads, and with an opening in one of the heads, a piston disposed in the cylinder, a piston rod secured to the piston and disposed through the opening in the cylinder head, there being two bypasses in the cylinder at the sides of the central opening with openings connectin the ends of the hy-passes with the contra opening, one of the by-passes extending through one end of the cylinder, and the other by-pass extendingthrough the other end of the cylinder, a'valve seat in each passage between the opening to the central cylinder opening adjacent the open-end of the by-pass. and the other endofthe cylinder,

two ball valves for coiiperating with the.

valve seats, one disposed between each valve seat and the open end of the lJ-y-pass. in which th'c valve seat is disposed, caps adjusta'hly secured in the lay-passes for limiting the movement of the ball valves away from the valve seats, springs resting on the 081- tion, plugs secured in tie open ends 0 the Iii lay-passes for engaging the springs, and bars at the, openings from the b-y-passes to the central cylinderopening adjacent the valve seats, to prevent the movement of the ball valves into the central cylinder 0 ening.

7. In a shock absorber, a cylin er having its ends connected .by a bypass, a piston in III ' of fluid in one direction against thevalve the cylinderQa valve seat at the byo-pass, and V In testimony whereof I have signed m a valve for cooperating with the valve seat, name to this specification in the presence of 10 the valve being normally spaced from the the two subscribing Witnesses.

valve seat to be moved by an abnormal flow MARLIN GRAVES REED.

seat While permitting the free and con- Witnesses:

tinuous normal movement of the fluid in the GED. W. BARRICK, said direction through the valve seat. W. J. SHOFSTAHL. 

